Pharmacosomes: A Modified Vesicular Drug Delivery System

Abstract

In the field of solubility enhancement, a novel approach called lipid drug delivery  systems, specifically pharmacosomes, has emerged. As new diseases and disorders  are discovered, it is crucial to develop new and innovative drug delivery systems to  ensure maximum absorption of drugs at their target site. Amphiphilic drug  complexes with active hydrogen atoms that attach to phospholipids are known as  pharmacosomes. They offer several advantages such as diminutive size,  amphiphilicity, high drug-loading efficiency, high entrapment efficiency, and  stability. The physicochemical features of both the drug and the carrier influence  drug release from pharmacosomes. Pharmacosomes have been created for  proteins, cardiovascular, antineoplastic, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug  therapies. They provide a potential substitute for traditional vesicles due to their  unique features. Pharmacosomes are prepared using hand-shaking and ether  injection methods. Compared to liposomal, transferosomal, and niosomal drug  delivery systems, pharmacosomes have several advantages. However, with  extensive research and promising preclinical results, the translation of these  nanomedicines from laboratory to market has been limited. Intermediate polar  solvents are used in order to prepare pharmacosomes, which improve membrane  fluidity and enhance drug permeation rates. Because of their special qualities, which  include active drug loading, compact size, high entrapment efficiency,  amphiphilicity, and stability, pharmacosomes improve the biopharmaceutical  qualities of both synthetic and natural medications. Colloidal vesicles, nanometric sized micelles, or a hexagon-shaped covalent organization of colloidal drug  dispersions bound to phospholipids are examples of pharmacosomes.  Pharmacosomes offer a promising alternative to conventional vesicles due to their  ability to prolong the existence of drugs in the systemic circulation.