Recent Advances in the Management of Viral Flu Infections
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2013.6.4.1Abstract
Flu is an infectious respiratory disease which is caused by influenza viruses. The most common symptoms of flu are nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea. Different subtypes of influenza viruses are identified based on the combinations of these antigenic structures. Influenza viruses are negative-sense, single-strand RNA viruses that belong to the family Orthomyxoviridae. Antiviral medications are the current pharmacotherapy of flu because they are approximately 70% to 90% effective in preventing influenza. Influenza virus type A is readily prone to mutations, which can lead to minor antigenic changes (antigenic drift) or major antigenic changes (antigenic shift). These changes can result in viral strains capable of causing either an epidemic or a pandemic, because overall immunity in the population is lower. Flublok is the first trivalent influenza vaccine made using an insect virus (baculovirus) expression system and recombinant DNA technology (i.e., without the use of actual influenza virus), so there is little risk of getting the flu from the vaccine. Flublok is highly purified, has three times the amount of active ingredient in traditional influenza vaccines, and contains no preservatives, antibiotics or adjuvants. It provides protection against the latest strains of influenza by containing the corresponding hemagglutinin antigens for those strains. This review article provides brief information of influenza and its treatment by biotechnology-based vaccines introduced within the past few years.
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Keywords:
Influenza, Hemagglutinin, Flu, Flublok, Baculovirus, Antigenic shift.
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References
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